An experimental study of the interactions between liquid
In the production of high quality steel the understanding of the interactions between liquid steel and refractories and of their effect on steel purity and cleanness are becoming more and more important An experimental study has been performed in order to estimate the importance of the reaction between a MgO based tundish refractory and an Al killed steel
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The Quality Interaction of Molten Salts in the Systems
The aim of this study was to realize and evaluate laboratory corrosion tests associated with problems such as wear of refractory materials for example at processing of aluminium Corrosion tests were carried out by static crucible corrosion test in laboratory resistive furnace at 850 °C during 2 hours in air atmosphere Two types of aluminum silica molded refractories were used as a
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Dynamic interaction of refractory and molten steel
The dynamic interaction between molten steel and refractory material will seriously affect the service life of the refractory lining and restrict the smelting safety and efficiency of steelmaking In this paper experiments on the interaction between an alumina magnesia castable and molten steel under dynamic smelting conditions were performed
Get PriceSlag/refractory and metal/refractory interactions during
the case of refractory erosion and slag entrapment This paper presents the results of both plant trials and laboratory investigations of steel/refractory and slag/refractory interactions The interaction mechanisms observed are described leading to selection criteria for new refractory products
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A Study on Molten Steel/Slag/Refractory Reactions during
When the molten steel is treated in a ladle the reaction between steel and the refractory lining have a great influence on the steel purity Many steel plants use MgO C refractories with a content of C between 5 and 20 wt
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Effect of refractory properties on initial bubble
The porous MgO refractory specimens were manufactured with various permeabilities P erm as given in Table 1 The wettability between molten steel and the porous refractory has a great influence on bubble formation in the nozzle 18 19 To achieve the same poor wettability 2
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Investigation of Interactions between Liquid Iron
In addition refractory erosion by molten steel during the refining and casting steps of the process can contribute to the formation of non metallic inclusions in steel resulting in an adverse effect on the steel quality In the ingot processing of steel the molten metal flows through refractory
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Influence of Wettability and Reactivity on Refractory
Refractories materials that can withstand high temperatures play an important role in the iron and steel sector which alone accounts for 70 of total refractories produced In this chapter detailed wettability and interfacial phenomena investigations on alumina carbon and zirconia carbon refractories at steelmaking temperatures The wettability between refractory substrates and molten
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Study of dynamic refractory wear by slags containing very
refractory material are mechanical wear from erosion due to flowandshearstressesintheprocess andachemicalcompat ibility between the refractory and molten metal slag and process gasses The internal thermo mechanical stresses from heating and cooling cycles should also be considered It is known that increased amounts of FeO x in metallurgical
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Dynamic interaction of refractory and molten steel Effect
Molten steel normally contains alloy elements and impurities especially large non metallic inclusions which affect the dynamic interaction of the refractory material and molten steel To identify and compare the corrosion of molten steel with important alloy elements such as silicon on the castable and minimize the influence of impurities two types of commercialized clean steels St1 and St2 China
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Effect of Selenium on the Interaction Between Refractory
The interaction between steel and refractory is mainly caused by the chemical reaction and the molten metal penetration The interfacial phenomenon at the refractory/steel interface has a huge influence on the microstructure evolution of the contact area of the solid refractory material and the molten steel Zhukovskaya et al
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International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials IJMMM ISSN CN /TF monthly started in 1994 formerly known as Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing is an international journal devoted to publishing original research articles and occasional invited reviews on all aspects of minerals processing physical metallurgy process metallurgy and
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Agglomeration and Removal of Alumina Inclusions in
molten steel for not only fluid dynamic action but also interfacial chemical interaction and the precise control of Agglomeration and Removal of Alumina Inclusions in Molten Steel with Controlled Concentrations of Interfacial Active Elements Katsuhiro SASAI
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Dynamic slag/refractory interaction of lightweight Al2O3
Fig 1 shows the schematic of the experiment furnace and procedure of the dynamic slag/refractory interaction experiments A medium frequency induction furnace with dimensions of 550 mm inner diameter 1000 mm depth was used to heat and melt 1000 kg of steel that was covered by slag with a thickness of approximately 80 mm
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Induction Furnace and SteelmakingIspatGuru
The channel IF consists of a refractory lined steel shell which contains the molten metal Attached to the steel shell and connected by a throat is an induction unit which forms the melting component of the furnace The induction unit consists of an iron core in the form of a ring around which a primary induction coil is wound
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The Effect of Refining Slag and Refractory on Inclusion
MgO based refractory and MgO bearing slag both have the potential to supply Mg or Ca to the molten steel and then prompt the inclusion transformation In this paper the effect of MgO based refractory and MgO bearing slag on the spinel generation was investigated on laboratorial scale The results indicated that refractory had a great contribution to MgO Al2O3 spinel
Get PriceSlag/refractory and metal/refractory interactions during
simple dip test whereby samples of refractory were held in molten steel for pre determined periods of time in an induction furnace The samples were then prepared and analysed under the SEM with EDS facility to study the interface between the steel and refractory This technique allowed a detailed description of the interactions to be made
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REFRACTORY NON WETTING OR CORROSION RESISTANT
REFRACTORY NON WETTING OR CORROSION RESISTANT PROPERTIES AGAINST MOLTEN ALUMINIUM AND ITS ALLOYS Published on February 21 2016 February 21 2016
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INCLUSIONS IN CONTINUOUS CASTING OF STEEL
interaction of liquid steel with its surroundings slag entrainment and erosion of lining refractory In machining they produce chatter causing pits and gouges on the surface of machined sections frequent breakage as well as excessive tool wear The frequency of exogenous inclusions in steel is exemplified in figure 9 61 by Slime extraction
Get PriceA CFD Study on Refractory Wear in RH Degassing Process
ciently reduce carbon and sulfur contents in molten steel 1–3 It is well known that the complicated flow of the molten steel in the RH degasser caused by the vacuum and the lift ing gas would create a significant wear and tear of the lining refractory 4–6 Besides
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Corrosion mainly by slag and molten steel is the principal phenomenon responsible for degradation and wear of the refractory bricks It is a complex phenomenon that is due to infiltration penetration into and subsequent dissolution of the refractories by slags and molten steel
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The Study of Molten Liquid Refractory Interactions It
Cite this paper as Garbers Craig A 2016 The Study of Molten Liquid Refractory Interactions It Is All about the Phase s In Reddy R G Chaubal P Pistorius P C Pal U eds Advances in Molten Slags Fluxes and Salts Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Molten
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High temperature Interactions of Alumina–Carbon
the refractory over time eventually causing uncontrolled expansion of saturated refractory and hot face spalling 10 The corrosion of alumina–carbon refractories is prima rily influenced by their chemical reactions with molten iron/steel which proceed through a direct contact with the metal The composition of the refractory its physical tex
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INTERACTION MECHANISM BETWEEN REFRACTORY AND
shaped and sintered in refractory factory Refractory Factory of Chongqing Iron and Steel Co These bricks were sintered in high temperature furnace the service temperature over 1800°C in the reduction atmosphere The properties of the refractories are listed in the table 1 The Smelting reduction melts consisted of molten slag and iron bath
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Dynamic mass variation and multiphase interaction among
The mass transfer among the multiphase interactions among the steel slag lining refractory and nonmetallic inclusions during the refining process of a bearing steel was studied using laboratory experiments and numerical kinetic prediction Experiments on the system with and without the slag phase were carried out to evaluate the influence of the refractory and the slag on the mass transfer
Get PriceInteraction between molten steel and different kinds of
AbstractInteractions between the molten steel and the refractory linings are of fundamental importance for the steelmaking industry During the casting process the steel cleanliness can be made worse because of the reoxidation of the molten steel in contact with the atmosphere and/or other sources of oxygen refractories top slag etc In the industrial trial periods four tundish
Get PriceA Kinetic Model to Predict the Compositions of Metal
the molten steel as shown in Fig 1 On the other hand since metallic aluminum has low density it is added to the inter face zone of the molten steel Figure 2 shows an illustration of the calculation concept In this model we consider the interaction between six phas es i e molten slag molten steel refractory
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A Study on Molten Steel/Slag/Refractory Reactions during
evidence of interaction between liquid steel and refractory materials which is dependent on both the steel composition and the type of refractory material Therefore the reactions that transfer elements between the refractories and molten steel are closely related to the product quality
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CORROSION TESTS FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS
refractory crack and break The major chemical attack is corrosion which comes from the interaction between a refractory and a corrosive medium gas molten metals molten glasses molten salts or slag It results in a loss of mass and thickness and in the degradation of the material properties The steel industry is one of the major consumers
Get PriceRecycling Practices of Spent MgO C Refractories
lower nitrogen pick up in the steel Foamy slags shield the electrical arcs preventing radiation energy loss eliminating arc flares saving overall energy and extending refractory service life It has been reported 2 that a foamy slag practice saves 3 10 in energy and decreases 25 63 of refractory consumption
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molten steel characteristics obviously change when applied gas bottom blowing the average residence time of molten steel in the tundish prolongs more than 100s and the dead volume fraction decreases about 5 Therefore the removal efficiency of small size inclusions greatly increases because of bubbles attachment and long moving path
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CORROSION TESTS FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS
The steel industry is one the biggest consumers of refractories In this industry refractories are commonly used as linings for steel production equipment because they can sustain high temperature and corrosive attack in their working environment However due to the harsh conditions their life span is limited Corrosion mainly by slag and molten steel is the principal phenomenon responsible
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Refractory linings are used to protect the steel vessel from the attack by corrosive gases molten slag and abrasive wear as well as to insulate the vessel from energy loss during gasification The service life of refractory liners for gasifiers has been identified by users as a critical barrier to IGCC
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A Reaction Between High Mn High Al Steel and CaO SiO
3 type which seems inert to Al in molten steel 5 6 Although the CaO Al 2O 3 type flux has shown some promising results that the degree of steel/flux interaction could be minimized it exhibits other prob lems such as increased viscosity and reduced consump tion thereby resulting in inadequate lubrication 5 On
Get PriceUse of slag line refractory in ladle for tire cord steel
Refractory for slag line of steel ladle had been improved to meet the demand of tire cord steel making in Baosteel Bricks with different material such as MgO Cr2O3 MgO ZrO2 C and MgO C were experimented in ladle
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Dynamic mass variation and multiphase interaction among
The mass transfer among the multiphase interactions among the steel slag lining refractory and nonmetallic inclusions during the refining process of a bearing steel was studied using laboratory experiments and numerical kinetic prediction Experiments on the system with and without the slag phase were carried out to evaluate the influence of the refractory and the slag on the mass transfer
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